A bone density test is a quick, painless scan that measures how strong your bones are. It also shows whether you may be at risk for a fracture. Bone loss usually happens with no warning signs. Many people do not know their bones have grown weak until they break a wrist, hip, or spine. A simple test can catch the problem early, while there is still time to act.
At Starling Health in the Bronx, we use a DEXA scan (Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) to check your bone strength. It is the gold standard for this job. The scan is fast, comfortable, and uses only a very small amount of radiation. This guide explains what the test is, who needs one, what happens during the exam, and how to read your results.
If your doctor has recommended screening, you can schedule a bone density scan at our ACR-accredited imaging center.
What Is a Bone Density Test?
So, what is a bone density test? It is an imaging exam that measures your bone mineral density. That is how much calcium and other minerals are packed into your bones. The more mineral your bones hold, the stronger they are.
The scan tells your doctor whether your bones are healthy, thinning, or weak. Mild thinning is called osteopenia. More serious bone loss is called osteoporosis.
The most accurate tool for this is the DEXA scan, also written as a DXA scan. It uses two low-dose X-ray beams to measure density. The scan usually checks the hip and lower spine, since those are common sites for serious fractures. A DEXA scan is painless and gives a clear, numbers-based picture of your bone health.
Osteoporosis is often called a "silent disease." You cannot feel your bones getting thinner, and there is no pain until a bone breaks. That is why osteoporosis screening matters so much. Catching bone loss early gives you and your doctor time to protect your bones before a fracture happens.
Who Needs a Bone Density Test?
Not everyone needs this scan. But for many people, it is an important part of staying healthy. So who needs a bone density test?
Major health groups recommend it for certain adults. These include the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation. Screening is advised for the following groups:
- All women age 65 and older
- Men age 70 and older
- Postmenopausal women under 65 with risk factors such as low body weight, a family history of osteoporosis, or smoking
- Anyone who broke a bone after age 50 from a minor fall or bump (a "fragility fracture")
- People on long-term steroid medications such as prednisone, which can weaken bone
- Adults with certain conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, low estrogen or testosterone, thyroid problems, or a history of some cancer treatments
Not sure whether you should be screened? Talk with your primary care doctor. You can also explore our full range of imaging services and ask us to help coordinate with your provider.
The Bone Density Test Procedure, Step by Step
The bone density test procedure is one of the easiest imaging exams you can have. There are no needles, no dye, and no closed tunnel. Here is what to expect during the DEXA scan:
- Getting ready: You lie down on a padded, open table, fully clothed. Nothing closes around you.
- Positioning: A technologist positions your legs, often with a foam block, so your hips and spine line up correctly.
- The scan: A scanning arm passes slowly above your body. You hold still and breathe normally. It does not touch you, and you feel nothing.
- Finishing up: Once the arm stops, you are done. You can return to your day right away, including driving and eating.
How to Prepare for Your DEXA Scan
Preparation is simple. To get the most accurate results, follow these steps:
- Skip calcium supplements for 24 hours before your scan. Calcium pills can affect the reading.
- Wear loose clothing with no metal, such as zippers, buttons, belts, or underwire. You may need to change into a gown if your outfit has metal.
- Eat and drink as usual. No special diet or fasting is needed.
- Tell us if you may be pregnant, or if you had a recent barium test or contrast X-ray.
How Long Does a Bone Density Test Take?
A common question is how long does a bone density test take. The answer is reassuring. The entire DEXA scan usually takes only about 10 to 15 minutes, from the time you lie down to the time you get up. Most of that time is spent getting you positioned. The scanning itself lasts just a few minutes.
Understanding Your Bone Density Test Results
Your bone density test results come as two numbers: a T-score and a Z-score. A radiologist reviews your scan and sends a report to your doctor. Your doctor then explains what it means for you.
Your T-Score
The T-score compares your bone density to that of a healthy young adult. It is the main number used to diagnose osteoporosis. Here is the standard scale:
| T-Score | What It Means |
| -1.0 or higher | Normal, healthy bone density |
| -1.0 to -2.5 | Low bone mass (osteopenia) |
| -2.5 or lower | Osteoporosis |
Your Z-Score
The Z-score compares your bone density to other people of your age, sex, and body size. It is most useful for younger adults, children, and premenopausal women. A low Z-score may prompt your doctor to look for other causes of bone loss beyond normal aging.
What Happens After Your Results
Your results guide your next steps. Depending on your numbers, your doctor may suggest one or more of these:
- Calcium and vitamin D through food or supplements to support bone health
- Weight-bearing exercise like walking, dancing, or light strength training
- Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and limiting alcohol
- Medication to slow bone loss or rebuild bone, if you have osteoporosis or a high fracture risk
- Follow-up scans, usually every two years, to track your bone density and see whether treatment is working
A DEXA scan can also monitor treatment over time. It tracks bone loss in people on steroid therapy and, in some cases, measures body composition. It is a valuable tool for keeping your bones strong for years to come.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a bone density test used for?
A bone density test is used for osteoporosis screening, diagnosis, and fracture risk assessment. It also monitors treatment and supports postmenopausal screening. The scan measures your bone mineral density so your doctor can protect your bones before a fracture occurs.
Does a DEXA scan hurt?
No. A DEXA scan is completely painless. You lie on an open table, fully clothed, while a scanning arm passes above you. There are no needles, no dye, and nothing touches or presses on you.
How much radiation does a DEXA scan use?
Very little. A DEXA scan uses a tiny amount of radiation, far less than a standard chest X-ray. For most people, the benefit of finding bone loss early clearly outweighs this small exposure.
How often should I repeat a bone density test?
For most people, follow-up scans happen about every two years. If you are being treated for osteoporosis or take long-term steroids, your doctor may set a schedule that fits your needs.
Where can I find a bone density test near me in the Bronx?
If you are searching for a bone density test near me, Starling Health offers DEXA scans at our ACR-accredited imaging center at 1480 East Avenue, Bronx, NY 10462. You can request an appointment online or call us.
Bone Density Testing in the Bronx, NY
Starling Health is proud to offer bone density testing at our ACR-accredited imaging center at 1480 East Avenue, Bronx, NY 10462. Our DEXA scan is fast, painless, and read by experienced radiologists. You and your doctor get clear, accurate answers about your bone health. We welcome patients from across the Bronx and NYC, including those on Medicaid and Medicare.
We offer convenient same-day and 48-hour scheduling, so you do not wait long for the care you need. To book your bone density scan, request an appointment online or call us at (718) 319-1610.
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If you have questions or need to schedule an appointment, our team at Starling Health is here to help with timely evaluations, advanced diagnostics, and compassionate care.
Disclaimer
This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Every patient's situation is unique. Always consult with your physician or qualified healthcare provider regarding your specific condition or before making any medical decisions.
